Physiotherapy: what to expect

TENS (electrical nerve stimulation), ultrasound, and hot and cold treatment: Physiotherapists can also offer other methods of addressing pain. TENS is the most common of a broader type of treatment for pain where electrodes are placed on or near the area of pain and soothing pulses are sent via the electrodes through the skin and along the nerve fibers. The pulses, which are controlled by the user at all times, suppress pain signals to the brain. It has been in use since the 1960s.

Ultrasound treatment uses sound waves that cause a vibration of local tissues and is often used to treat tendonitis, non-acute joint swelling, and muscle spasm. This can warm a particular area of tissue, increase tissue relaxation and local blood flow to promote healing, and break down scar tissue. A typical treatment takes 3 to 5 minutes.

Hot and cold treatments (either individually, or applied in succession) have also been found to be effective in lessening pain and inflammation. A physiotherapist can also apply these therapies or give advice on their application.

Physiotherapist training and role
The minimum requirement to practice physiotherapy in Canada is a bachelor’s degree, but a professional master’s degree is becoming the entry-level standard in 2010. Graduates of physiotherapy programs in Canada are required to successfully complete the Physiotherapy Competency Examination (PCE) in order to work in most Canadian provinces. Individuals educated outside of Canada must apply to the Canadian Alliance of Physiotherapy Regulators to have their credentials evaluated, and must also complete the PCE.

Physiotherapists are primary care practitioners who offer direct access to physiotherapy services without the need for physician referral. However, some extended health insurance plans require a physician’s referral in order to reimburse you for claims. As primary care practitioners, it is the physiotherapist’s role to act with integrity, accountability, and judgment, as well as respect the autonomy and dignity of the client.

First visits
On your first visit your physiotherapist will reviews your injury or condition and plan a treatment program for you:

• You will be asked questions about your present condition and health history.
• A physical examination will be completed to assess your injury or condition.
• Your physiotherapist will review the assessment and discuss the recommended treatment goals and program.
• You should have an opportunity to agree or disagree.

During any physiotherapy treatment you should feel comfortable discussing any discomfort or pain, and to ask any questions that you have.

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